Dog And The Child

Domestic dogs inherited a complex social hierarchy and behaviors from their wolf ancestors. Dogs are pack hunters with a complex set behaviors related to determining each dog's position in the social hierarchy, and they exhibit various postures and other means nonverbal communication that reveal their states mind. These sophisticated forms social cognition and communication may account for their trainability, playfulness, and ability to fit into human households and social situations, and these attributes have earned dogs a unique relationship with humans despite being potentially dangerous apex predators.
Although experts largely disagree over the details dog domestication, it is agreed that human interaction played a significant role in shaping the subspecies. Shortly after domestication, dogs became ubiquitous in human populations, and spread throughout the world. Emigrants from Siberia likely crossed the Bering Strait with dogs in their company, and some experts suggest that use sled dogs may have been critical to the success the waves that entered North America roughly 12,000 years ago. Dogs were an important part life for the Athabascan population in North America, and were their only domesticated animal. Dogs also carried much the load in the migration the Apache and Navajo tribes 1,400 years ago. Use dogs as pack animals in these cultures ten persisted after the introduction the horse to North America.
The current consensus among biologists and archaeologists is that the dating first domestication is indeterminate. There is conclusive evidence that dogs genetically diverged from their wolf ancestors at least 15,000 years ago, but some believe domestication to have occurred earlier. It is not known whether humans domesticated the wolf as such to initiate dog's divergence from its ancestors, or whether dog's evolutionary path had already taken a different course prior to domestication. The latter view has gained proponents, such as biologists Raymond and Lorna Coppinger; they theorize that some wolves gathered around the campsites the paleolithical man to scavenge refuse, and that associated evolutionary pressure developed that favored those who were less frightened by, and keener in approaching, humans.
The bulk the scientific evidence for the evolution the domestic dog stems from archaeological findings and mitochondrial DNA studies. The divergence date roughly 15000 years ago is based in part on archaeological evidence that demonstrates that the domestication dogs occurred more than 15,000 years ago, and some genetic evidence indicates that the domestication dogs from their wolf ancestors began in the late Upper Paleolithic close to the Pleistocene/Holocene boundary, between 17,000 and 14,000 years ago. But there is a wide range other, contradictory findings that make this issue controversial.